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ABSTRACT ABSTRACT: Red blood cell (RBC) phospholipids of infants fed human milk compared with formula have more arachidonic acid (AA) and docosahexanoic acid (DHA). The addition of low

levels of marine oil to infant formula with 0.6 to 2.0% α-linolenic acid (LLA, 18:3n-3) prevented declines in DHA in formula-fed infants; however, the feeding trials were short (4 to 6 wk),

LLA concentrations were low compared with current formulas (3.0 to 5.0% LLA), and the formulas were unstable. Trials with stable formulas were necessary to determine if dietary DHA could

maintain phospholipid DHA after discharge from the hospital and, in fact, if it was necessary with higher intakes of LLA. The results of acute (4 wk) and extended (to 79 wk postconception)

feeding of such formulas on RBC and plasma phospholipid AA and DHA are reported here. Control formulas were identical to commercially available formulas. Experimental formulas differed only

in the addition of small amounts of marine oil. DHA in RBC and plasma phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) declined during four weeks of feeding but not if marine oil provided DHA (0.2% or 0.4%)

and plasma phospholipid AA (g/100 g) decreased with time and marine oil feeding. Extended feeding with marine oil accounted for half the DHA in RBC and plasma phosphatidylethanolamine at

equilibrium; however, RBC (g/100g) and plasma AA (g/100 g; mg/L plasma) decreased progressively until late infancy and were depressed further by marine oil. We conclude that _1_) AA and DHA

decline in RBC and plasma phospholipids of preterm infants when only their n-6 and n-3 fatty acid precursors are consumed; and 2) marine oil can maintain cord concentrations of RBC

phosphatidylethanolamine DHA but further reduces AA. SIMILAR CONTENT BEING VIEWED BY OTHERS FATTY ACID CONCENTRATIONS IN PRETERM INFANTS FED THE EXCLUSIVE HUMAN MILK DIET: A PROSPECTIVE

COHORT STUDY Article 11 December 2023 FORMULA WITH LARGE, MILK PHOSPHOLIPID-COATED LIPID DROPLETS IN LATE-MODERATE PRETERM INFANTS: A DOUBLE-BLIND RCT Article Open access 18 September 2024

DOCOSAHEXAENOIC ACID-RICH ALGAE OIL SUPPLEMENTATION ON BREAST MILK FATTY ACID PROFILE OF MOTHERS WHO DELIVERED PREMATURELY: A RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIAL Article Open access 02 November 2021

ARTICLE PDF AUTHOR INFORMATION AUTHORS AND AFFILIATIONS * Departments of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Biochemistry, and Biostatistics and Epidemiology, The University of Tennessee,

Memphis, 38163, Tennessee Susan E Carlson, Richard J Cooke, Philip G Rhodes, Jeanette M Peeples, Susan H Werkman & Elizabeth A Tolley Authors * Susan E Carlson View author publications

You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar * Richard J Cooke View author publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar * Philip G Rhodes View

author publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar * Jeanette M Peeples View author publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar *

Susan H Werkman View author publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar * Elizabeth A Tolley View author publications You can also search for this author

inPubMed Google Scholar RIGHTS AND PERMISSIONS Reprints and permissions ABOUT THIS ARTICLE CITE THIS ARTICLE Carlson, S., Cooke, R., Rhodes, P. _et al._ Long-Term Feeding of Formulas High in

Linolenic Acid and Marine Oil to Very Low Birth Weight Infants: Phospholipid Fatty Acids. _Pediatr Res_ 30, 404–412 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1203/00006450-199111000-00003 Download

citation * Received: 26 February 1991 * Accepted: 09 July 1991 * Issue Date: 01 November 1991 * DOI: https://doi.org/10.1203/00006450-199111000-00003 SHARE THIS ARTICLE Anyone you share the

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