News Reader.info

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is common, disabling and expensive, despite improved glucose-lowering management and guidelines. Its dominant cause is weight gain, with ectopic fat accumulation in

vital organs, reflected by a large waist circumference. Addressing the underlying cause, by low-calorie formula diets and integrated support for long-term weight-loss maintenance, produces

remissions in almost half the treated population. Access through your institution Buy or subscribe This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution RELEVANT ARTICLES

Open Access articles citing this article. * AETIOLOGY OF TYPE 2 DIABETES: AN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE ODYSSEY * Roy Taylor _Diabetologia_ Open Access 02 May 2025 * GUT MICROBIOTA-BILE ACID

CROSSTALK CONTRIBUTES TO THE REBOUND WEIGHT GAIN AFTER CALORIE RESTRICTION IN MICE * Mengci Li * , Shouli Wang *  … Wei Jia _Nature Communications_ Open Access 19 April 2022 ACCESS OPTIONS

Access through your institution Access Nature and 54 other Nature Portfolio journals Get Nature+, our best-value online-access subscription $32.99 / 30 days cancel any time Learn more

Subscribe to this journal Receive 12 print issues and online access $209.00 per year only $17.42 per issue Learn more Buy this article * Purchase on SpringerLink * Instant access to full

article PDF Buy now Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout ADDITIONAL ACCESS OPTIONS: * Log in * Learn about institutional subscriptions * Read our FAQs *

Contact customer support REFERENCES * Xin, Y. et al. Within-trial cost and 1-year cost-effectiveness of the DiRECT/counterweight-plus weight-management programme to achieve remission of type

2 diabetes. _Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol._ 7, 169–172 (2019). Article  Google Scholar  * Taylor, R. et al. Remission of human type 2 diabetes requires decrease in liver and pancreas fat

content but is dependent upon capacity for β cell recovery. _Cell Metab._ 28, 1–10 (2018). Article  Google Scholar  * Dixon, J. B. et al. Adjustable gastric banding and conventional therapy

for type 2 diabetes: a randomised controlled trial. _JAMA_ 299, 316–323 (2008). CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar  * Lean, M. E. et al. Obesity, weight loss and prognosis in type 2 diabetes.

_Diabet. Med._ 7, 228–233 (1990). Article  CAS  Google Scholar  * Franz, M. J. et al. Weight-loss outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of weight-loss clinical trials with a

minimum 1-year follow-up. _J. Am. Diet. Assoc._ 107, 1755–1767 (2007). Article  Google Scholar  * Lean, M. E. J. et al. Primary care-led weight management for remission of type 2 diabetes

(DiRECT): an open label, cluster randomised trial. _Lancet_ 391, 541–551 (2018). Article  Google Scholar  * Purcell, K. et al. The effect of rate of weight loss on long-term weight

management: a randomised controlled trial. _Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol._ 2, 954–962 (2014). Article  Google Scholar  * Leslie, W. S. et al. Weight losses with low-energy formula diets in

obese patients with and without type 2 diabetes: systematic review and meta-analysis. _Int. J. Obes._ 41, 96–101 (2017). Article  CAS  Google Scholar  * Lean, M. & Hankey, C. Keeping it

off: the challenge of weight loss maintenance. _Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol._ 6, 681–683 (2018). Article  Google Scholar  * McCombie, L. et al. Filling the intervention gap: service

evaluation of an intensive nonsurgical weight management programme for severe and complex obesity. _J. Hum. Nutr. Diet._ https://doi.org/10.1111/jhn.12611 (2018). Article  PubMed  Google

Scholar  Download references AUTHOR INFORMATION AUTHORS AND AFFILIATIONS * University of Glasgow, Human Nutrition Section, School of Medicine, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK Michael E.

J. Lean Authors * Michael E. J. Lean View author publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar CORRESPONDING AUTHOR Correspondence to Michael E. J. Lean. ETHICS

DECLARATIONS COMPETING INTERESTS M.E.J.L. has consulted for Counterweight Ltd, with fees paid to the University of Glasgow. RIGHTS AND PERMISSIONS Reprints and permissions ABOUT THIS ARTICLE

CITE THIS ARTICLE Lean, M.E.J. Low-calorie diets in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. _Nat Rev Endocrinol_ 15, 251–252 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41574-019-0186-6 Download

citation * Published: 04 March 2019 * Issue Date: May 2019 * DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41574-019-0186-6 SHARE THIS ARTICLE Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read

this content: Get shareable link Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. Copy to clipboard Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative