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A widespread group of cerebellar projections form monosynaptic excitatory synapses with neurons throughout the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc). These projections contain information

associated with movement and reward and can rapidly increase SNc neuron activity, and thereby basal ganglia dopamine levels, which contribute to movement initiation, vigor and reward

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Yoshida, J. et al. Cerebellar contributions to the basal ganglia influence motor coordination, reward processing, and movement vigor. _J. Neurosci._ 42, 8406–8415 (2022). THIS REVIEW

PRESENTS EVIDENCE OF TWO PROJECTIONS FROM THE CEREBELLUM TO THE BASAL GANGLIA — A DISYNAPTIC PROJECTION TO THE DORSOLATERAL STRIATUM VIA THE THALAMUS AND A DIRECT MONOSYNAPTIC PROJECTION TO

THE MIDBRAIN DOPAMINERGIC NUCLEI, THE VTA AND THE SNC — AND DISCUSSES THEIR POTENTIAL ROLES IN MOTOR AND NON-MOTOR FUNCTIONS UNDER NORMAL AND PATHOLOGICAL CONDITIONS. Article  CAS  PubMed 

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REVIEWS DATA THAT SHOW THAT THE BASAL GANGLIA AND THE CEREBELLUM ARE INTERCONNECTED AT THE SUBCORTICAL LEVEL. Article  Google Scholar  * Chen, C. H., Fremont, R., Arteaga-Bracho, E. E. &

Khodakhah, K. Short latency cerebellar modulation of the basal ganglia. _Nat. Neurosci._ 17, 1767–1775 (2014). THIS PAPER DEMONSTRATES THAT A DISYNAPTIC CEREBELLAR PROJECTION TO THE BASAL

GANGLIA VIA THE THALAMUS CAN EFFECTIVELY DRIVE STRIATAL BASAL-GANGLIA NEURON ACTIVITY AND CAN RELAY CEREBELLAR DYSFUNCTION TO ALTER BASAL GANGLIA FUNCTION AND CAUSE DYSTONIA. Article  CAS 

PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar  * Carta, I., Chen, C. H., Schott, A. L., Dorizan, S. & Khodakhah, K. Cerebellar modulation of the reward circuitry and social behavior. _Science_

363, eaav0581 (2019). THIS PAPER REPORTS THAT MONOSYNAPTIC PROJECTIONS FROM THE CEREBELLUM TO THE VTA MAY CONTRIBUTE TO REWARD PROCESSING AND SOCIAL BEHAVIORS. Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed

Central  Google Scholar  Download references ADDITIONAL INFORMATION PUBLISHER’S NOTE Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional

affiliations. THIS IS A SUMMARY OF: Washburn, S. et al. The cerebellum directly modulates the substantia nigra dopaminergic activity. _Nat. Neurosci_.

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41593-023-01560-9 (2024). RIGHTS AND PERMISSIONS Reprints and permissions ABOUT THIS ARTICLE CITE THIS ARTICLE Cerebellar projections to the substantia nigra

modulate basal ganglia dopamine levels. _Nat Neurosci_ 27, 399–400 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41593-024-01587-6 Download citation * Published: 31 January 2024 * Issue Date: March 2024

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